| This question <94|94> overall <93|96> Pao: <330-16|114-4>. |
| Question 87: Marx gave here a mistaken example of emergence. Give examples where there is indeed emergence. |
| [94] Pao: Assignment 3 An example of emergence from evolution is the emergence of new species in the course of development. In the case of humans anatomical, macromollecular and chromosomal evidence indicate that humans are most closely related to the African apes, having emerged as a diversion from a common ancestor 4-8 million years ago. Hominids arose in Africa. Their bipedality preceded major changes in the hand and skull and their cranial capacity increased steadily over the last 3 million years. |
| Another example of emergence comes from molecular biology. Within populations, sequences of DNA vary in sites that alter gene products. This variation is a result of mutations. Such adaptive mutational changes in the structure and regulation of genome leading to the emergence of enzymes with new functions is an important feature of evolution at the molecular level. |
| Hans: Important here is that the gradual changes gave rise to something new, as with the enzymes. What was it with the hominids? Was it bipedialty? Does one know? |
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