This question <105|105> overall <101|103> Communistcow: <21|232-3>.  
  Question 224: Do you know production processes which do not require human effort?   
  [102] Communistcow: There is no such thing as a production process that does not require human effort. I thought about this question long and hard. At first I looked to nature as an example of production without human effort. A man who goes for a leisurely walk through the forest might stumble across a product of nature such as a mushroom or even something more abstract such as shade provided by a tree. These things surely required no human effort to produce; however the act of eating the mushroom or physically moving himself into the shade is in itself human effort and definitely qualifies as a production process. Some may argue that these goods are still produced without human effort whether or not the goods are utilized. This is false! Marx argues this point in Capital 164:1 “For in the first place, however varied the useful kinds of labour, or productive activities, it is a physiological fact that they are functions of the human organism, and that each such function, whatever may be its nature or its form, is essentially the expenditure of human brain, nerves, muscles, and sense organs.” If man did not utilize these natural things, they have no use-value and are not a commodity. It is man that gives them use-value and thus there can be no production process without human effort.   
  Hans: You arrive at your result by defining everything humans do, even if it is consumption, as production. Of course there is some truth to your point of view. Personal consumption is not as sterile and unproductive as the capitalists want to make believe, who consider the worker's consumption (wages) as a cost of production. Wages are in reality a benefit of production.   
 
 
 
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