This question <28|35> overall <31|33> Hans: <31|37>.  
  Question 66: Why does Marx write in 127:1 “the valid exchange-values,” instead of simply “the exchange-values”?   
  [32] Hans: Valid exchange-values.   The thing left unsaid by ZACH in [28] is that the lumber company sells their products at a higher price than their own costs. ZACH is arguing that the marked-up price is not too high but that this is indeed the valid price for the commodities sold.   
  Marx would agree with this. According to his theory, the markup does not come from a too-high price but from a too-low cost: the workers, whose labor enables the product to fetch this handsome market price, are paid much less than an equivalent of the value they add to the product.   
 
 
 
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